プログラム
English
J
E
J
E
E
J
Speakers: Makoto Miyata (Osaka Metropolitan University), Nobuhiko Nomura (University of Tsukuba), Shintaro Sato (Wakayama Medical University), Yumi Matsuoka (Osaka University)
Overview:
We will invite four scientists who are conducting remarkable research in the field of microbiology and infectious diseases using state-of-the-art analytical methods and approaches to present their outstanding studies. Dr. Miyata of Osaka Metropolitan University will talk about his analysis of the evolutionary origin of cell motility as suggested by Spiroplasma swimming ability using synthetic bacteria. Dr. Nomura of the University of Tsukuba will talk about his research on bacterial collectivity and sociality using the latest imaging analysis techniques, and Dr. Sato of Wakayama Medical University will discuss the application of human iPS cell-derived intestinal epithelial cells to infection models. Dr. Matsuoka of Osaka University will talk about her achievements in analyzing the adaptation mechanism of pathogenic bacteria to environments by whole genome and whole methylation analyses. These exciting talks are expected to be very stimulating for the participants. We hope you will enjoy the science using cutting-edge methodology.
J
Speakers: Kiwamu Minamisawa (Tohoku University), Yoshiharu Matsuura (Osaka University), Naoki Takaya (University of Tsukuba), Takaaki Akaike (Tohoku University)
Overview:
In recent years, there have not been many large-scale group grants centered on members of the Japanese Society for Bacteriology. In this symposium, researchers who are driving large-scale group research projects such as the Moonshot Research and Development Program, Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas, and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas in the fields relating to microbiology and infectious diseases will give a talk and discuss the details and organization of each project. In addition to sharing the research outputs so far obtained, we will ask them to talk about the circumstances that led to the launch of the project and the preparations for it. It is hoped that this symposium will serve as a guidepost for the members of the Japanese Society for Bacteriology to aim for large-scale grants in the future.
J
J
E
Speakers: Masaki Mizutani (Bioproduction Research Institute), Dendi Krisna Nugraha (Osaka University), Tomofumi Kawaguchi (Jichi Medical University), Yuto Kotaka (Tokyo Metropolitan University, National Institute of Infectious Disease), Daiki Kumakura (Hokkaido University), Kazuki Takahashi (Tokyo Institute of Technology), Miu Hoshino (University of Tokyo)
Overview:
The Wakate Colosseum for Bacteriology provides a forum for the presentation and discussion of microbiology. In this colosseum, young researchers from different fields of specialization who gather under the keyword of “microorganisms” frankly exchange their questions and opinions. In addition to the growth of the participants as researchers, it is expected to build a new network and expand the base of bacteriology in Japan. The 16th Wakate Colosseum for Bacteriology was held in Sapporo Medical University on August 25-27, 2022, under the auspices of the Japanese Society for Bacteriology, and featured heated discussions on cutting-edge topics in the fields of infection, ecology, genomics, and single-cell observation. In this workshop, as a feedback to the members of the Japanese Society for Bacteriology, the contents of the 16th meeting will be reported first, and then the sponsor and the young researchers who made outstanding presentations at the 16th meeting will introduce their own research.
J
Speakers: Hiroyuki Oshiumi (Kumamoto University), Goro Matsuzaki (Ryukyu University), Shoichiro Kurata (Tohoku University), Takashi Nozawa (Kyoto University), Sho Yamasaki (Osaka University)
Overview:
The SARS-CoV2 infection that started in 2020 has become a pandemic, and biodefense research is becoming more and more important. In addition to research related to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, it is necessary to search for new treatment methods from various perspectives, such as the origin and mutation of pathogens and drug discovery using engineering methods. In this symposium, not only bacteria and fungi, but also viruses, parasites, etc. are being promoted on the biological defense mechanism that treats foreign substances and some of the self-components and maintains the independence and homeostasis of individuals. We will introduce the latest findings from researchers in various fields regarding the mechanism of defense mechanism against pathogens from a new perspective.
J
Speakers: Ikuro Kasuga (The University of Tokyo), Daisuke Hagiwara (University of Tsukuba), Yoshitoshi Ogura (Kurume University), Ryuichiro Atarashi (University of Miyazaki), Akira Nishizono (Oita University)
Tetsuo Asai (Gifu University)
Overview:
Humans, animals, and the ecosystems surrounding them are interconnected, and to protect human health, a comprehensive approach that includes the health of animals and ecosystems is necessary. The concept has gained wide acceptance in recent years. Emerging and reemerging zoonotic diseases transmitted from animals to humans, such as COVID-19, rabies, and new strains of influenza, have increased rapidly in recent years. Furthermore, the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria in the livestock and medical fields and the frequent occurrence of food poisoning-causing microorganisms derived from wild animals, livestock, and poultry are still social problems. In this symposium, researchers involved in basic research and practice related to One Health will talk about their research results and initiatives. We would like to make this a place to think about how microbiologists should be involved in realizing One Health.
J
E
Speakers: Longzhu Cui (Jichi Medical University), Shoichi Mitsunaka (Gifu University), Yuichi Otsuka (Saitama University), Jumpei Uchiyama (Okayama University), Miki Matsuo (Hiroshima University), Azam Aa Haeruman (National Institute of Infectious Diseases)
Overview:
Phage research is rapidly advancing in both basic and applied field. Spatio-temporal multi-omics analysis has revealed the details of phage-host interactions, leading to the development of synthetic biology and the discovery of bacterial novel defense systems. As the drug-resistant bacteria are emerging worldwide, the unique bactericidal mechanisms of phage are expected to be an important option to overcome it. Currently, phage therapy is being implemented in the US and Europe.
In this symposium, prominent phage researchers will talk about the bacterial defense and phage attack strategies, evolutionary phylogenetic analysis, and their application in phage therapy. There are many exciting discovery to be uncovered from the eternal battles between phages and bacteria.
J
Speakers: Aki Hirabayashi (National Institute of Infectious Diseases), Haruo Ikeda (Technology Research Association for Next generation natural products chemistry), Hanako Fukano (National Institute of Infectious Diseases), Yun-Gi Kim (Keio University), Satoshi Uematsu (Osaka Metropolitan University)
Overview:
Drug discovery for bacterial infections has been stagnant for a long time, and research and development of preventive and therapeutic drugs based on novel strategies have been required. To control bacterial infections, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis, antimicrobial resistance, and microbe-microbe and host-microbe interactions, and to set antimicrobial targets based on the knowledge. In this symposium, we will introduce research in infectious diseases caused by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and mycobacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and non-tuberculous mycobacteria), and diseases related to the function and dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota, by researchers who perform their research using innovative technologies and cutting-edge interdisciplinary approaches. We would like to discuss novel strategies for antimicrobial drug discovery, which even researchers in academia, which comprises a large proportion of our JSB members, could be involved in.
【S5】Symposium 5
J
Speakers: Naomi Sakon (Osaka Institute of Public Health), Yukiko Kudo (National Institute of Health Sciences), Sunao Iyoda (National Institute of Infectious Diseases), Yuki Wakabayashi (Osaka Institute of Public Health), Hiroshi Asakura (National Institute of Health Sciences)
Overview:
The number of foodborne disease cases is again increasing in Japan, although it decreased due to COVID-19. Foodborne diseases caused by norovirus, campylobacter and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are still high. On the other hand, some outbreaks of foodborne disease caused by Escherichia albertii, an emerging zoonotic pathogen, occurred. Since E. albertii is very similar to E coli such as enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and EHEC in terms of bacteriological characteristic and virulence genes, therefore E. albertii has been misidentified as EPEC, EHEC and cytolethal distending toxin II-producing E. coli and it remains unclear how often E. albertii was associated with foodborne disease. Recently, a few selective enrichment broths for E. albertii have been developed and it has been gradually becoming clearer which foods are contaminated by E. albertii. Furthermore, a bacterium which was thought to be Staphylococcus aureus has been reidentified as S. argenteus and this bacterium commands considerable attention. In this symposium, the front line researchers will provide the most recent research outcomes and forthcoming challenges in each field. Chairpersons will strongly hope that this symposium will provide the most advanced knowledge about foodborne diseases as well as foodborne pathogen such as noroviruses to the scientists in this Society, especially young scientists. Chairpersons will also hope that this symposium will open a new door for future collaboration between scientists in the Japanese Society for Bacteriology and the Japanese Society of Food Microbiology.
J
Speakers: Shigenobu Kishino (Kyoto University), Kazunori Suda (Yakult Central Institute), Takeshi Zendo (Kyushu University), Koji Hosomi (National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition), Naoki Harada (Osaka Metropolitan University)
Overview:
The gastrointestinal tract, from the oral cavity to the colon, known as “”inner outside,”” is home to numerous bacteria. It is known that these microbial communities, in addition to the microbes in the foods we normally consume, affect our health. However, because there is still much room for clarification about the mechanisms of their functions and their effects on our health, research on this topic is currently being actively conducted around the world.
In this symposium, we will invite researchers from the Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry, who are conducting a wide range of research in this field, from basic to application, to introduce their research activities: the relationship between stress–intestinal environment–intestinal bacteria, and their improvement by probiotics; the relationship between intestinal bacteria and dietary habits and their relation to health; function of bacteriocins and its application to oral care; regulation of energy metabolism by androgen via intestinal microbiota, and identification and application of dietary lipid metabolites by intestinal bacteria. We would like to discuss with researchers who have different viewpoints on bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract by understanding examples of their basic research and its application.
J
Speakers: Hitoshi Oshitani (Tohoku University), Yasutoshi Kido (Osaka Metropolitan University), Reiko Saito (Niigata University), Toshihiko Suzuki (Tokyo Medical and Dental University), Yasuko Mori (Kobe University)
Overview:
By Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Japan Program for Infectious Diseases Research and Infrastructure has been conducted in ten oversea bases where infectious diseases are prevalent or expected. Because infectious diseases including COVID-19 are major threats in the world today, basic research on the infectious diseases carried out at these bases are becoming more important. In this symposium, leading scientists in various oversea bases such as Philippine, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Republic of Ghana, and Republic of Indonesia will present their most recent data and discuss on infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses including SARS-CoV-2, and parasites.
J
Speakers: Shinya Sugimoto (The Jikei University School of Medicine), Azuma Taoka (Kanazawa University), Norio Takeshita (Tsukuba University), Yuichi Wakamoto (University of Tokyo), Chikara Sato (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology )
Overview:
The recent advance in imaging techniques, including Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM), Atmospheric scanning electron microscopy (ASEM), high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM), Super-resolution microscopy combined with optical clearing methods, and Raman microscopy are undoubtfully providing exciting new findings in broad fields of Biology. For instance, in combination with molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics, Cryo-EM and HS-AFM solved structures and dynamics of not only single protein molecules but also protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid complexes that have been difficult to be crystallized. These techniques also enable us to investigate microbiomes, host-microbes and bacteria-fungi interactions, biofilm formation, drug resistance and tolerance, and persisters at single-cell and sub-cellular resolutions. In this symposium, we will introduce the principles of these cutting-edge techniques and will discuss new insights into Bacteriology.
J
Speakers: Kazuhito Tabata (The University of Tokyo), Masayuki Suetsugu (Rikkyo University), Shigeyuki Kakizawa (AIST), Daisuke Kiga (Waseda University), Itaru Yanagihara (Osaka Women’s and Children’s Hospital) , Yasuhiko Horiguchi (Osaka University)
Overview:
Innovative technologies of long-chain DNA have produced synthetic genome organisms. A minimal cell (JCVI-syn3.0) based on Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri was reported by J. Craig Venter Institute. JCVI-syn3.0 has no major virulence genes, and its genome size was reduced to 531 kb (473 genes), about half that of the parental strain. This smallest model bacterium is being used to analyze bacterial cell division, metabolism, rotational swimming movements, and virulence.
This symposium will have speakers who are leaders in this field to present their latest research progress. Speakers will also address dual-use issues, biosecurity, and biosafety to ensure that synthetic genome organisms are used only for the well-being of humanity. We will also provide time for free discussion.
J
Speakers: Natsuko Ichikawa (National Institute of Technology and Evaluation), Wataru Iwasaki (The University of Tokyo), Shuichi Kawashima (Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research), Hiroshi Mori (National Institute of Genetics), Takuji Yamada (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Overview:
Bioinformatics such as sequence analysis and databases is indispensable for current bacteriology including biology. The databases provide access to a wide range of biological knowledge, leading to knowledge discovery. Utilizing huge genome data is expected to revolutionize our understanding of microbial community, microbial evolution, and microbial metabolic pathways. In this symposium, outstanding researchers in Japan will present their developed tools and future perspective. We believe the symposium will present you with global perspectives and trends in the study of microbial bioinformatics. We encourage you to join the symposium and discuss new topics.
J
Speakers: Masatoshi Miyakoshi (University of Tsukuba ), Teppei Morita (Keio University), Hiraku Takada (Kyoto Sangyo University), Eiji Ishii (Osaka University), Kotaro Chihara (University of Würzburg),Yukihiro Hiramatsu (Osaka University)
Overview:
Bacteria possess sophisticated systems to regulate gene expression in response to environmental stimuli. Previous studies have focused mainly on the regulation at the level of transcription initiation, but recently novel factors regulating transcription termination, mRNA stability, and translation are emerging. This symposium will provide the latest results by young researchers on various regulatory mechanisms in bacterial gene expression systems and discuss future directions in preventing bacterial infectious diseases.
J
Speakers: Yusuke Minato (Fujita Health University), Hidetada Hirakawa (Gunma University), Masayoshi Arai (Osaka University), Miki Takemura (SHIONOGI & Co., Ltd. ), Kei Katsuno (Global Health Innovative Technology Fund)
Overview:
The emergence and spread of drug-resistant bacteria have become a severe problem, and new antimicrobial agents are desperately needed. In Japan, there are many world-leading medicinal chemists in academia and multiple pharmaceutical companies with strong R&D capabilities. Thus, Japan is one of the few countries that could potentially develop new antimicrobial agents. However, the pace of antimicrobial drug discovery is still very slow in Japan. This symposium will discuss how bacteriologists can contribute to boosting the pace of antimicrobial drug discovery. The speakers will share their past and current efforts for antimicrobial drug development and the latest research findings. The speaker from the medicinal chemistry field, the speakers from a pharmaceutical company, and a funding agency will also propose areas of research that they hope to be explored further by Japanese bacteriologists. We hope this symposium will motivate bacteriologists to participate more actively in antimicrobial drug development.
E
Speakers: Shuichi Nakamura (Tohoku University), Ryo Ozuru (Fukuoka University), Fumiko Obata (Tottori University), Laurence G Wilson (University of York), Shawn McGlynn (Tokyo Institute of Technology), Andrew S. Utada (University of Tsukuba)
Overview:
“Numbers” allow us to compare biological and material phenomena with different spatial and temporal scales. Indeed, they are invaluable for describing the microscopic world inhabited by bacteria. For example, molecules, which act at the nano-scale, can diffuse throughout the bacterial cell in less than a second. In contrast, they are unable to cross eukaryotic cells, which are only marginally larger, even after many hours; thus, necessitating active transport systems. Quantitative insight based on the comparison of such simple numbers can inform us of the possibilities, limitations, and the significance of complicated biological systems. In this symposium, the invited speakers will discuss diverse bacteriological phenomena using particular “numbers” specific to their experimental systems. These will include characteristic numbers related to mechanics (speed, force, and rigidity), interfacial properties, and time scales (chemical, diffusive, and signaling). Their quantitative approaches will reveal new aspects of ecological roles and contribution to disease process of bacteria. In addition, we introduce the application of computer vision to diagnostic, aiming to reduce arbitrariness of evaluation and replace conventional empirical methods.
J
Speakers: Kazunori Oishi (Toyama Institute of Health), Bin Chang (National Institute of Infectious Diseases), Junichi Kanatani (Toyama Institute of Health), Masaya Yamaguchi (Osaka University), Yuki Kinjyo (The Jikei University School of Medicine)
Overview:
In 12th International Symposium on Pneumococci and Pneumococcal Diseases, which was held in June 2022, Toronto, a global surveillance group reported that the incidence of pediatric IPD decreased significantly after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for children. Despite replacement, 60-80% net declines occurred in all IPD among children <5y, and 10-30% among adults ≥65y. By contrast, the IPD incidence caused by nonvaccine serotypes has increased ~2–3-fold across age groups.
In this workshop, the concept of invasive potential, clinical manifestations by serotype, clinical manifestations by serotype, and the case fatality rate by aging (Oishi K), an in vitro bacterial transcytosis for evaluation of invasive potential by serotype (Kanatani J), a pitfall of laboratory diagnosis by bacteriological analyses (Chang B), and the useful PspA vaccine overcoming the nonvaccine serotypes (Kinjo Y) will be presented and discussed. Furthermore, a relationship between aging and severe disease which has been epidemiologically established will be validated through the basic researches (Yamaguchi M).
J
Speakers: Yoshitomo Kikuchi (AIST), Daisuke Nakane (The University of Electro-Communications), Hirofumi Wada (Ritsumeikan University), Tetsuo Kan (The University of Electro-Communications), Jun Shintake (The University of Electro-Communications)
Overview:
Bacteria can swim freely in water. They are propelled by a motor at their base that rotates a helical filament structure called a flagellum. For decades, it has been believed that bacteria move smoothly by fluttering their flagellar filament in a fluid. However, some bacterial species have a slightly different swimming style. Campylobacter and Burkholderia, for example, wrap their flagellar filaments around their bodies and move like tunnel boring machines. Since drill tank locomotion is widely observed in pathogenic and symbiotic bacteria, it can provide fundamental knowledge for new therapeutic and pest control methods. In this symposium, we will discuss the new world of bacteria revealed by the “movement” and “shape” of the bacterial drill tank.
J
J
Conveners: Yoshitoshi Ogura (Kurume University), Shinji Takai (Kitasato University)
J
Speakers: Nobuo Arai (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), Masashi Okamura (Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine), Takeshi Haneda (Kitasato University), Momoko Nakayama (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization)
Overview:
Salmonella is classified into more than 2,600 serovars by the combination of the cell surface lipopolysaccharide (O antigen) and one or two different flagellar proteins (H antigens). A proportion of the Salmonella serovars are the major causes of foodborne infections for humans. Salmonella also makes an impact on livestock farmers by causing gastroenteritis and systemic infections for animals. In this workshop, the four specialists, who promote the studies on Salmonella mainly in veterinary field, will speak on the issue of Salmonella infections in terms of the genome, pathogenicity, and biological defense.
J
Speakers: Kaori Tanaka (Gifu University), Takashi Yaguchi (Chiba University), Moriya Ohkuma (Riken), Hironori Niki (National Institute of Genetics), Shoko Kawamoto (National Institute of Genetics)
Overview:
Microorganisms have great potential as resources for research and development, regardless of whether they are pathogenic or non-pathogenic. They can be resources that lead to new research results and innovation. However, it is difficult for researchers to collect the expedient strains by themselves, which becomes a considerable difficulty in advancing research and development. Facilities for providing microbial resources so that researchers can access desired microbial strains easily and obtain ones whenever they want are necessary as the infrastructure. In addition, it is also essential to preserve microbial strains that should be shared for further research, such as reported strains in publications and invaluable collections that should be handed over from retired researchers.
In this WS, we introduce four microbial resources; Pathogenic bacteria and Pathogenic eukaryotic microbes that are generally difficult to collect and maintain, General Microbes and Prokaryotes (E. coli, B. cereus) that are variously used as tools to support research and industry. Besides, the information center upgrading program that provides the bioresource database and facilitates the accessibility of users to resources is also presented. We will discuss the effective use and the conservation of resources, expecting further development in research and innovation for the future.
J
J
Conveners: Hideaki Higashi (Hokkaido University), Yukako Fujinaga (Kanazawa University)
J
E
13:10-15:10, Saturday, March 18 / Room 1 (Grand Hall)
Speakers: Kenta Watanabe (Yamaguchi University), Chikara Kaito (Okayama University), Eriko Kage-Nakadai (Osaka Metropolitan University), Paudel Atmika (Hokkaido University), Kazuhiro Shiozaki (Kagoshima University)
Overview:
In bacteriology, the use of laboratory animals is essential to study the in vivo dynamics and pathogenicity of bacteria. Until now, mice and rats have been the main model organisms for infectious diseases. However, in research using such animal experiments, respect for animal life, minimization of pain, and minimization of the number of animals used are essential from the viewpoint of animal welfare, and it is difficult to conduct many experiments by trial and error. In recent years, various infection models have been proposed to reduce such ethical issues, and their achievements are accumulating. In addition, the National BioResource Project of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) has been collecting various organisms that form the basis of life science research, and researchers can easily use these organisms.
With these backgrounds, this workshop will introduce researchers at the forefront of infectious disease research using a variety of infection models, including silkworm, Oryzias latipes, zebrafish, zoospores, nematodes, and Arabidopsis thaliana.
J
Speakers: Yujiro Higuchi (Kyushu University), Fumi Fukada (Okayama University), Masaki Ishii (Musashino University), Ko Sato (Tohoku University)
Overview:
Since ancient period, mankind has consumed fungal biomass itself such as mushroom and utilized fungal metabolism to produce fermented foods and useful substances such as antibiotics. In contrast, there are some fungal species to infect humans, animals, and plants. As a result, fungal biology has developed in a wide range of research areas, including agrochemistry, biotechnology, plant pathology, and medical mycology. Although fungi are common research targets, there are limited opportunities to exchange information and learn experimental skills across each research field. In this workshop, we would like to invite distinguished scientists in various fungal research fields to introduce their unique research approach and achievement to encourage discussion among fungal researchers. Considering recent problems that the number of young scientists is decreasing, we would like to introduce own career paths to attract young scientists, and to discuss future prospect of fungal biology.
J
Conveners: Hiroji Chibana (Chiba University), Hitomi Mimuro (Oita University)
J
Speakers: Wakako Furuyama (Nagasaki University), Shumpei Watanabe (Okayama University of Science), Masayuki Shimojima (National Institute of Infectious Diseases), Jiro Yasuda (Nagasaki University)
Overview:
National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID) has a BSL4 facility for the purpose of “diagnosis of infectious diseases and selection of therapeutic drugs” and has been operating in Japan in accordance with the Infectious Diseases Control Law. However, its operation is limited and differs from that of BSL4 facilities in other major industrialized countries. Due to the development of transportation networks, the speed and areas where people and goods travel have expanded dramatically, and with this expansion, cases of rapid spread of infectious diseases have been observed. Against this background, the need to develop diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive methods for diseases caused by highly pathogenic microorganisms is increasing daily. It is feared that Japan, with its limited operating system, may lag behind in research on infectious diseases caused by highly pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, in this symposium, we would like to invite researchers who are engaged, or had been engaged in the past, in work and research at advanced containment facilities in Japan and abroad to lecture on their experiences at BSL4 facilities and provide the members of the Japan Society for Bacteriology with their experiences at BSL4 facilities to deepen the understanding of research at BSL4 facilities among the members.
J
Speakers: Kimihiro Abe (National Institute of Infectious Diseases), Kohei Ogura (Kanazawa University), Go Kamoshida (Kyoto Pharmaceutical University), Norihiko Takemoto (National Center of Global Health and Medicine), Hitomi Mimuro (Oita University), Seiji Yamasaki (Osaka University)
Overview:
Recent development of nucleotide sequencing technology has been accelerating research on microbiomes of the gut, oral cavity, and skin. Accordingly, the members of Japanese Society for Bacteriology have reported new findings on the relationship between microbiomes and diseases at the workshops and symposiums. This development also sheds light to a mechanism by which a non-pathogenic bacterium in the microbiome switches to pathogenic and subsequently cause infectious disease. We Takemoto and Ogura are planning to hold a workshop focusing on the genomic switches associated with pathogenicity acquisition and are going to convene up‐and‐coming researchers who specialize in genomic mutation and recombination which drive hypervirulence, multidrug resistance, and other phenotypes. We hope this workshop would remind the society members the importance of studying both phenotype-affecting genomic changes and the fate of newly emerged variants, and subsequently accelerate this research field further.
J
【ICD】ICD Seminar
